TEST METHOD
Adhesion, water spraying under high pressure
Paints and enamels
 
Orientation
This issue differs from issue 1 in that:
- scribing shall be made after moisture exposure instead of before
- calibration shall be made on low-density polyethylene plastic
- tolerances for certain calibration parameters have been added
- a requirement has been added stating that manual high-pressure cleaning may only be performed after agreement with Volvo
- a number of clarifications have been made.
1 Scope and field of application
This test method is used for assessing the adhesion between paint films and between paint film and substrate respectively. The method is intended to simulate the strain and load that the paint films are subjected to during high-pressure cleaning.
2 Apparatus and test
− Test equipment of high-pressure type, brand NIFAB,
model HTT-1, or equivalent test equipment
Water pressure: min. 150 bar
Spraying distance: 0-150 mm
Sweeping frequency: 1 sweep/s
Water temperature: 50 ± 5 °C
Spray nozzle: (flat jet 25°) No 2506
Lance length: 300 ± 50 mm
Test piece holder with
centre hole, size of hole: ∅ 40 mm
− Test
1) Spray nozzles meeting this specification can, for
instance, be purchased from Spraying Systems
Co.
a) Test panel in accordance with STD 1021,5211 (100 x 200 mm) of the substrate in question, surface coated with the relevant paint system. A minimum of two panels shall be tested. A minimum of three crosses distributed between the two
panels shall be tested.
b) Test part of the relevant substrate, surface coated with the relevant paint system. In order to have significant results, test pieces should be taken from different areas on at least two test parts. A minimum of four crosses shall be tested for each part.
− Scribing tool, edge width 0,5 mm and geometry according to STD 1021,2.
 
3 Preparation for test
The test panels shall be conditioned in accordance with STD 1021,1. Before testing the adhesion, an initial paint damage shall be made on the test by scribing two 0,5 mm scribe lines using a scribing tool. The scribed lines shall be made down to the
substrate, at right angles to each other to create a cross, see fig. 1. The scribed lines shall extend outside the test area. Each scribed line shall be approx 60 mm. A cross section of a scribed line is shown in fig. 2.
IMPORTANT – The edges of the scribed lines must
be at right angles to the substrate. 
 

                       Fig. 1 Principle layout / Principskiss     
 
Fig. 2 Cross section of test piece with scribed line
 

When the adhesion test is to be made after moisture exposure (wet adhesion), the test shall first be exposed in a tropical cabinet in accordance with STD 423-0018 for the period specified in the requirements specification.
 
For l substrates, the testing shall be performed immediately after exposure, without any recovery. In practice, this means that the panels shall be stored
maximum 60 min in a vessel filled with water of room temperature to keep them humid until testing.
As far as plastics substrates are concerned, they shall be stored for 1 h in a constant-temperature controlled cabinet at standard atmosphere (23 ± 2 °C, 50 % RH) instead of storage in a water-filled vessel. This shall be done to allow the material to recover. The testing shall then take place within approx. 15 min.
 
The scribing shall be made after the moisture exposure.
  

Fig. 3 The cross mark shows schematically the position of the scribed lines in relation to the vertical flat jet

Fig. 4 Damage from spray
 

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